| E |
|
| Easy Care |
Refers To
Fabrics Which Are Restored To Their Original Appearance After
Laundering With Little Or No Ironing. Generally Such Fabrics Can Be
Machine Washed And Tumble Dried/See Drip-dry.
|
| Ecru
(knitting) |
Descriptive Of
Fibres, Yarns, Or Fabrics That Have Not Been Subjected To Processes
Affecting Their Natural Colour.
|
| Effect
Threads |
Yarns Inserted
In A Fabric That Are Sufficiently Different In Fibre, Count, Or
Construction To Form Or Enhance A Pattern.
|
| Egyptian
Cotton |
Cotton From
Egypt Characterized By Its Strong, Fine, Long And Lustrous Fibers.
|
| Elastane
(fibre) (generic name) |
A Term Used To
Describe Fibres That Are Composed Of Synthetic Linear Macromolecules
Having In The Chain At Least 85% (by Mass) Of Segmented Polyurethane
Groups And Which Rapidly Revert Substantially To Their Original
Length After Extension To Three Times That Length.
|
| Elastic
Fabric |
A Fabric
Containing Rubber Or Other Elastomeric Fibres Or Threads, Having
Recoverable Extensibility In A Direction Parallel To The Elastomeric
Threads, And Characterized By A High Resistance To Deformation And A
High Capacity To Recover Its Normal Size And Shape.
|
| Elastodiene
(fibre) (generic name) |
A Term Used To
Describe Fibres Composed Of Natural Or Synthetic Polyisoprene, Or
Composed Of One Or More Dienes Polymerized With Or Without One Or
More Vinyl Monomers, Which Rapidly Revert Substantially To Their
Original Length After Extension To Three Times That Length.
|
| Elastomer |
Any Polymer
Having High Extensibility Together With Rapid And Substantially
Complete Elastic Recovery., Note: Most Fibres Formed From Elastomers
Have Breaking Elongations In Excess Of One Hundred Percent.
|
| Elastomeric
Yarn |
A Yarn Formed
From An Elastomer., Note 1: Elastomeric Yarn May Either Be
Incorporated Into Fabric In The Bare State Or Wrapped With
Relatively Inextensible Fibres. Wrapping Is Done By Covering (see
Covered Yarn), Core Spinning Or Uptwisting., Note 2: Examples Are
Elastane And Elastodiene Yarns.
|
Electrostatic
Flocking
|
The Process Of
Applying A Flock To An Adhesive-coated Substrate In A High-voltage
Electrostatic Field. |
| Elongation |
See Extension,
Note: The Increase May Be Expressed In Three Ways, Namely:, (i) As A
Length, (ii) As A Percentage Of The Initial Length, And, (iii) As A
Fraction Of The Initial Length.
|
| Elysian |
A Thick, Heavy,
Usually Woolen Fabric With A Deep Nap That Forms A Diagonal Or
Ripple Pattern On The Surface. Used For Coatings.
|
| Emboss |
To Produce A
Pattern In Relief By Passing Fabric Through A Calendar In Which A
Heated Metal Bowl Engraved With The Pattern Works Against A
Relatively Soft Bowl, Built Up Of Compressed Paper Or Cotton On A
Metal Centre.
|
| Embossed |
Fabric With A
Raised Design That Has Been Engraved On A Metal Cylinder Then
Impressed On The Fabric With Heat And Pressure.
|
| Embroidered |
A Fabric
Decorated With Needlework Stitching Of Yarn Or Thread. May Be Done
By Hand Or Machine.
|
| Embroidery
Linen |
See
Art/embroidery Linen.
|
| Emerizing |
A Process In
Which Fabric Is Passed Over A Series Of Emery-covered Rollers To
Produce A Suede-like Finish. Note: A Similar Process Is Known As
Sueding.
|
| End |
(1) (spinning)
An Individual Strand,, (2) (weaving) An Individual Warp Thread., (3)
(fabric) A Length Of Finished Fabric Less Than A Customary Unit
(piece) In Length, (4) (finishing) , (a) Each Passage Of A Length Of
Fabric Through A Machine, For Example, In Jig-dyeing., (b) A Joint
Between Pieces Of Fabric Due, For Example, To Damage Or Short
Lengths In Weaving Or Damage In Bleaching, Dyeing Or Finishing
|
| End &
End |
A Plain Weave
Fabric With A Warp Yarn Of One Color Alternating With A Warp Yarn Of
White Or A Second Color. Often The Weft Yarns Alternate With The
Same 2 Colors Forming A Mini Check Design. Used Most Commonly In
Shirtings.
|
| End-group |
A Chemical
Group That Forms The End Of A Polymer Chain. Linear Polymers Possess
Two End-groups Per Molecule And Branched Polymers With N Branch
Points Possess N + 2 End-groups Per Molecule.
|
| Engagéantes |
Lace Cuffs With
Two Or Three Rows Of Ruffles, Finishing Women's Gown Sleeves In
Louis Xiv's Time. They Were Still Worn In The 18th Century With
Gowns À La Francaise.
|
| Enzyme
Washed |
Refers To The
Process Of Washing With A Cellulase Enzyme -one Which Attacks The
Cellulose In The Fabric- Giving It A Used, Worn Appearance And A
Desirable Soft Hand . The Effect Is Similar To Stone Washing But Is
Less Damaging To The Fabric. It Is Sometimes Called Bio-washing.
Done Commonly With Denim Or Other Cottons And Fabrics Of Lyocell.
|
| Epitropic
Fibre |
A Fibre Whose
Surface Contains Partially Or Wholly Embedded Particles That Modify
One Or More Of Its Properties, E.g., Its Electrical Conductivity.
|
| Eri |
A Type Of Wild
Silk.
|
| Ethnic |
Refers To
Designs With Elements Suggesting The Culture Or Traditional Designs
Of A Particular Group Of People.
|
| Exfoliation |
An Inherent
Fault In Silk Only Apparent After Degumming Or Dyeing. It Is
Characterized By Fine Fibrils Or Fibrillae That Become Separated
From The Filament, So Giving A Speckled, Dishevelled Appearance.
|
| Exhaustion |
The Proportion
Of Dye Or Other Substance Taken Up By A Substrate At Any Stage Of A
Process To The Amount Originally Available.
|
| Expression
(percent) |
The Weight Of
Liquid Retained By Textile Material After Mangling Or
Hydroextraction, Calculated As A Percentage Of The Air-dry Weight Of
The Goods.
|
| Extension |
An Increase In
Length., Note: The Increase May Be Expressed In Three Ways, Namely:,
(i) As A Length, (ii) As A Percentage Of The Initial Length, And,
(iii) As A Fraction Of The Initial Length.
|
| Extract |
Wool Or Hair
Recovered By The Wet Process Of Carbonization.
|
| Extrusion |
In The Spinning
Of Man-made Filaments, Fibre-forming Substances In The Plastic Or
Molten State, Or In Solution, Are Forced Through The Holes Of A
Spinneret Or Die At A Controlled Rate. There Are Five General
Methods Of Spinning (extruding) Man-made Filaments, But Combinations
Of These Methods May Be Used (see Dispersion Spinning, Dry Spinning,
Melt Spinning, Reaction Spinning, And Wet Spinning)
|
Extrusion
(fibre Production)
|
The Process Of
Forming Fibres By Forcing Materials Through Orifices. |
| Extrusion
Ratio |
In Man-made
Filament Extrusion, The Ratio Of Take-up Or Haul-off Speed To The
Average Speed Of The Spinning Fluid As It Leaves The Spinneret.
|
| Eyelash |
A Fabric With
Clipped Yarn On The Surface Suggesting Eyelashes.
|
| Eyelet |
A Fabric
Decorated With Cut Out Areas Surrounded By Stitching. Used For
Dresses, Blouses, Children's Apparel, Curtains.
|
