| G |
|
| Gabardine |
A Tightly Woven Durable Twill,
Usually 2x2 Right Handed, With A Distinct Twill Line. Common Used In
Men's And Women's Trousers, Rainwear And A Variety Of Other Uses.
|
| Gait (flax) |
A Large Handful Of Loose, Pulled
Flax, Stood Up On End In A Cone Form To Dry.
|
| Gait (lace Machines) |
(1) The Distance Between The Centres
Of Adjacent Comb Blades., (2) A Measure Of The Distance Over Which A
Thread Is Moved,
|
| Gait (weaving) |
A Full Repeat Of The Draft In The
Healds, Or In The Case Of Jacquard, In One Complete Row Of The Harness
|
| Gait; Gait Up (weaving) |
General Terms Used To Describe The
Positioning Of The Warp, Healds, And Reed In A Loom, In Readiness For
Weaving. Where Drop Wires Are Mounted On The Warp During Warp
Preparation, Gaiting Also Includes The Positioning Of The Drop Wires.
|
| Gaiting (knitting) |
See Gating (knitting)
|
| Galants Or Gallants |
Small Ribbon Bows Which Were Worn In
The Mid 17th Century In The Hair And Attached To The Garments In Various
Places.
|
| Galatea |
A Durable, Warp Faced, Left Handed
Twill Fabric Often Found In White And Stripes . Used In Children's Wear,
Uniforms.
|
| Galloon |
Lace.
|
| Gamla Buti |
A Popular Motif In Textile Design In
India, Consisting Of Flowers Of Different Kinds Growing In A Flowerpot,
Neatly Arranged.
|
| Gamma Value |
The Mean Number Of Xanthate Groups
Per 100 Glucose Residues In Cellulose Xanthate.
|
| Garters |
Ribbon Tied Around The Leg To Hold
Up The Stockings.
|
| Gas |
See Singe
|
| Gas Fume Fading |
An Irreversible Change In Hue Which
Occurs When Textiles, Particularly Cellulose Ethanoate ( Acetate) And
Triethanoate (triacetate) Dyed With Certain Blue Anthraquinone Disperse
Dyes Are Exposed To Oxides Of Nitrogen Which Arise From, For Example,
Gas Or Storage Heaters.
|
| Gassed Yarn |
A Yarn That Has Been Passed Through
A Flame Or Over A Heated Element To Remove Surface Fibres.
|
| Gating (knitting) |
The Relative Alignment Of 2 Sets Of
Knitting Elements E.g., Needles, On Knitting Machines. Two Forms Of
Needle Gating (rib And Interlock) Are Common And May Be Interchangeable
On The Same Machine. Types Of Gating Are: (a) Interlock Gating:
Interlock Gaiting (knitting) - The Opposed Alignment Of One Set Of
Needles With The Other On A Knitting Machine. (b) Purl Gating : Purl
Gaiting (knitting), The Opposed Alignment Of Tricks Of Two Needle Beds
Lying In The Same Plane, On A Machine Equipped With Double-headed
Needles. (c) Rib Gating : Rib Gaiting (knitting), The Alternate
Alignment Of One Set Of Needles With The Other On A Machine Equipped
With Two Sets Of Needles Arranged To Knit Rib Fabrics. Also Termed
Gaiting
|
| Gauze |
A Light-weight, Open-texture Fabric
Produced In Plain Weave Or Simple Leno Weave.
|
| Gauze Weaving |
A Term Commonly Used As A Synonym
For Leno Weaving; Strictly, A Method Of Producing The Simpler Types Of
Light-weight Fabric By Leno Weaving.
|
| Gauze/cheesecloth |
A Loosely Woven, Thin, Sheer, Plain
Weave Fabric Usually Cotton.
|
| Gear-crimped Yarn |
A Form Of Textured Yarn In Which The
Heated Yarn Is Passed Between A Pair Of Gear Wheels Or Through Some
Similar Device.
|
| Gel Dyeing |
A Continuous Tow Dyeing Method In
Which Soluble Dyes Are Applied To Wet-spun Fibres (e.g., Acrylic Or
Modacrylic Fibres) In The Gel State (i.e., After Extrusion And
Coagulation, But Before Drawing And Drying).
|
| Genappe Yarn |
A Gassed Worsted Yarn. (genappe In
Belgium.)
|
| Generic Name |
When Used Here A Name To Distinguish
Different Classes Of Textile Fibre. For Natural Fibres, Distinguishing
Attribute Is The Fibre Source; For Man-made Fibres (see Fibre, Man-made)
Chemical Difference, Which Often Results In Distinctive Property
Differences, Is The Main Basis For Classification: Other Attributes Are
Included Where Necessary. Generic Names Are Normally Used As Adjectives;
Are Descriptive Of The Nature Of The Fibre Or Filament Components Of The
Associated Object (yarn, Top, Sliver, Fabric, Garment, etc). The
Attributes Used For Specification Of The Generic Names Of Man-made
Fibres Are However Not Necessarily Identical With The Attributes Used
For Naming Chemical Molecules., The International Organization For
Standardization Has Published, In Iso 2076, A List Of The Generic Names
And Definitions Of The Different Categories Of Man-made Fibres At
Present Manufactured On Industrial Scale For Textile And Other Purposes.
These Definitions And Categories Are Used Throughout This Publication
Where Possible.. Other Lists Of Fibre Names Have Been Produced In
Connection With Textile Labelling Legislation (e.g., In The EC Textile
Labelling Directive And The U.S. Federal Trade Commission's Textile
Fiber Products Identification Act).
|
| Geometric |
Refers To Designs Dominated By
Relatively Simple, Clearly Defined Geometric Shapes.
|
| Georgette |
A Lightweight, Plain Weave, Crepe
Fabric With A Pebbly Texture And Slightly Raspy Hand. Uses High Twist
Yarns Which Alternate Between S And Z Twist Every Thread Or 2 In Both
Warp And Weft . Used For Blouses, Dresses.
|
| Georgette |
A Fine, Light-weight, Open-texture
Fabric, Usually In A Plain Weave, Made From Crepe Yarns, Usually Having
Two S-twisted And Two Z-twisted Yarns Alternately In Both Warp And Weft.
|
| Geotextile |
A Textile Material Used By Civil
Engineers As A Component Of Earthworks.
|
| Ghagho |
A Woman's Dress, Closely Related To
The Abbo (q.v.). The Skirt Part Of The Abagho Was Often More Flared Than
That Of An Abbo, The Ample Gathers At Either Side Of The Waist Lending
It Peculiar Gracefulness When The Wearer Moved.
|
| Ghaghra |
Skirt, Usually With A Great Deal Of
Flare. The Simple Ghaghras Have Only One Vertical Seam, Which Turns The
Cloth Or Ghaghra-pata Into A Tube, Fastened With A Drawstring Passing
Through A Long, Narrow Slot At The Waist. Flared Ghaghras Are Made Up
Of, Several Triangular Gored Pieces Stitched Together.
|
| Gherdar |
Flared With An Ample Skirt, As In A
Gherdarjama.
|
| Ghundi |
Loop; Generally Used To Hold The
Little Button-like Boss Called The Tukma.
|
| Ghutanna |
A Short Paoan (q. V.), Worn By Men,
Tight And Ending Just Below The Knees. Much Favoured In 19th Century
Sikh Punjab.
|
| Gigging |
The Process Of Raising A Nap On
Fabrics By Means Of A Teazle Machine.
|
| Gill Box |
A Drafting Machine, Used In Worsted
Processing, In Which The Motion Of The Fibres Is In Part Controlled By
Pins Fixed On Moving Bars (pinned Fallers).
|
| Gilling |
A System Of Drafting In Which The
Direction Of The Fibres Relative To One Another In A Sliver Is
Controlled By Pins.
|
| Gin Cut Cotton |
Cotton That Has Been Damaged In
Ginning By The Cutting Saws To The Extent That Its Value Is Reduced.
|
| Gingham |
Light To Medium Weight, Plain Weave
Fabric. It Is Usually A Cotton Or Cotton Blend Yarn Dye In A Color And
White Or 2 Color Check Design.
|
| Gingham |
A Plain-weave, Light-weight Cotton
Fabric, Approximately Square In Construction, In Which Dyed Yarns, Or
White And Dyed Yarns, Form Small Checks Or, Less Usually, Narrow
Stripes., Note: If Fibres Other Than Cotton Are Used The Term Should Be
Suitably Qualified (e.g. Viscose Rayon Gingham).
|
| Ginning |
A Process That Removes Cotton Fibres
(lint) From The Seed.
|
| Glass (fibre) |
A Term Used To Describe Fibres Made
Of Mixed Silicates.
|
| Glaze |
To Produce A Smooth, Glossy, Plane
Surface On A Fabric By Heat, Heavy Pressure, Or Friction., Note: Glazing
May Be Produced Intentionally, E.g., By Friction Calendering, Or As A
Fault.
|
| Glazed |
A Finish Resulting In A Smooth,
Glossy Surface On The Fabric. Usually The Fabric Is First Treated With
Resin, Wax, Starch Or Other Substances Then Calendered.
|
| Glen Plaid ( Also Called Glen
Urquhart) |
A Popular Scottish District Check
Made Of Elements Of Houndstooth And Guard's Check Often With A Fine Line
Overplaid In A Contrasting Color.
|
| Gossypium. |
The Generic Name Of The Cotton
Plant.
|
| Gota |
Narrow Ribbon Made Of 'gold' Or
'silver' Thread.
|
| Graft Polymerization |
The Production Of A Branched
Macro-molecule, With A High Molecular Weight Backbone Of One Polymeric
Species, To Which A Second Polymer Is Attached (grafted) At Intervals.
|
| Grain |
Another Word Used For The Length
Wise (weft Yarn) Or Cross-wise (warp Yarn) Threads Of The Fabric.
|
| Grass Bleaching |
A Process For Bleaching Linen Cloth
After It Has Been Washed By Exposing It, While Spread Our On A Grass
Lawn Or Field Known As A Green, To The Action Of The Elements.
|
| Grassing (crofting) |
See Grass Bleaching
|
| Grease Wool |
Sheep's Wool Still Containing The
Natural Grease.
|
| Greasy Piece |
A Piece Of Woollen Fabric As It
Comes From The Loom
|
Greasy Wool; Grease Wool
|
Sheep's Wool Still Containing The
Natural Grease. |
Green Flax (obsolescent)
|
Scutched Flax Produced From Deseeded
Straw Without Any Intermediate Treatment Such As Retting. |
| Greige |
See Grey Goods
|
| Greige |
Fabric That Has Not Been Bleached,
Dyed Or Finished After Production. If Woven Sometimes Called Loomstate.
|
| Grenadine |
A Leno Weave Fabric With High Twist
Yarns Often With Woven In Stripes, Checks Or Other Patterns . Used For
Dresses, Blouses Curtains.
|
| Grey Goods |
Woven Or Knitted Fabrics As They
Leave The Loom Or Knitting Machine, I.e., Before Any Bleaching, Dyeing
Or Finishing Treatment Has Been Given To Them. Some Of These Fabrics,
However, May Contain Dyed Or Finished Yams., Note: In Some Countries,
Particularly In The North American Continent, The Term Greige Is Used.
For Woven Goods, The Term Loomstate Is Frequently Used As An
Alternative. In The Linen And Lace Trades, The Term Brown Goods Is Used.
|
| Grey Scale |
A Series Of Pairs Of Neutrally
Coloured Chips, Showing Increasing Contrast Within Pairs, Used Visually
To Assess Contrasts Between Other Pairs Of Patterns: For Example The Iso
(international Organization For Standardization) Grey Scales Comprise
Two Series Of Chips Against Which The Magnitude Of The Change In Colour
Of A Specimen Submitted To A Fastness Test And Of Staining Of Adjacent
Uncoloured Material Can Be Visually Assessed And Rated On A 1-5 Scale.
|
| Grinding (rag) |
A Local Term For Pulling.
|
| Grist |
See Count
|
| Gros Point |
Also Known As Point De Venise And
Venetian Lace; Very Expensive Heavy Lace From Venice, The Most
Fashionable Material For Cravats Among Aristocrats And Royalty In The
17th Century. The Lace Was Usually Held Together With A Ribbon Or Cravat
String, Or Sewn Into A Pre-formed Bow And Fall Because It Was Too Heavy
To Be Tied Accurately.
|
| Grosgrain |
A Firm, Tightly Woven Fabric With A
Heavy, Pronounced, Crosswise Rib. Used For Neckties, Millinery, Trim .
The Term Often Describes Ribbon But May Be A Full Width Fabric As Well.
|
| Grospoint |
A Durable, Uncut Loop Pile Fabric
Used Mainly For Upholstery.
|
| Guard Hairs |
Fibres Which Project Beyond The
Under-coat Of Some Mammals. They Are Usually Coarser Than Under-coat
Fibres.
|
| Guipure Lace |
A Needlepoint Lace Made With A Heavy
Buttonhole Stitch And With The Pattern On A Coarse Mesh Or Held Together
With Connecting Threads.
|
| Gum Waste |
Waste Comprising All Broken Silk
Threads That Have Been Discarded During Reeling, Or At The Inspection Of
The Skeins, And That Have Not Undergone Any Further Processing.
|
| Gum-sericin |
A Gelatinous Protein, Usually
Comprising 20% To 30% By Mass Of Raw Silk, Cementing The Two Fibroin
Filaments (brins) In A Silk Fibre (bave).
|
| Gunny |
A Strong, Coarse, Plain Weave Fabric
Usually Of Jute . Similar To Burlap But Heavier And Coarser. Used For
Baling And Sacks.
|
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