| J |
|
| Jabot |
Originally The
Term Meant The Neck Opening Of The Chemise, And Its Lavce Trimmings,
Showing Through The Opening At The Doublet. Early Cravat Of Lace,
Often Ready-made, Worn During The 17th Century. The Lace Fell In A
Soft Bunch To The Upper Chest And Was Either Knotted And Draped Or
Tied In A Soft Bow.
|
| Jackboot |
Over-knee High
Riding Boot With Square Toes And Low Heel, Made From Stiff Leather.
Second Half Of 17th Century.
|
| Jacquard |
A Fabric With A
Complicated Pattern Woven Or Knit Into It As Part Of Its Structure.
For Wovens, A Jacquard Loom Is Used Which Controls Each Warp Yarn
Separately, Raising Or Lowering It As Needed During Weaving To
Create The Design. For Knits A Jacquard Knitting Machine Creates The
Design By Controlling Whether Individual Needles Knit, Tuck, Or
Miss.
|
| Jacquard
(warp Knitting) |
A Term
Generally Applied To A Warp-knitting Machine With A String-type
Jacquard Placed Above To ,control Pins Placed Between Specially
Shaped Guides Mounted In A Normal Guide Bar. The Pins When, Raised
Do Not Affect The Guides But When In A Low Position Deflect
Individual Guides In The Guide Bar To Extend Or Reduce By One Needle
Space The Movement By The Pattern Chain Or Pattern Wheel. A Fall
Plate .nay Or May Not Be Used. The Term Is Also Applied To A Machine
In Which A String Jacquard Raises Individual Guides In A Guide Bar
So Reducing The Lapping Movement Of These Individual Guides Compared
To That Applied To The Guide Bar By The Pattern Chain Or Wheel.
|
| Jaffer |
A Plain-weave
Cotton Fabric With Warp And Weft In Different Colours Producing A
Shot Effect.
|
| Jama |
Full-sleeved
Outerwear For Men, Greatly Popular At The Moghul And Rajput Courts
And Worn Well Into The 19th Century. Literally, "a Garment,
Robe, Vest, Gown, Coat
|
| Jamdani |
Fine Cotton
Muslin With A Floral Pattern Brocaded In Thick Soft Cotton. Dacca
Was A Famous Center For The Production Of Fine Jamdani Work.
|
| Janghia |
Short Drawers,
Worn By Men And Boys. From Sanskrit
|
| Jaquard
Mechanism (weaving) |
A Shedding
Mechanism, Attached To A Loom, That Gives Individual Control Of Up
To Several Hundred Warp Threads And Thus Enables Large Figured
Designs To Be Produced. (named After The Inventor, Joseph Marie
Jacquard, 1752-1834)
|
| Jar |
See Zari.
|
| Jaspe |
A Woven Fabric
With A Series Of Faint Stripes Formed By The Arrangement Of Light,
Medium, And Dark Warp Yarns Or By Twisting Together 2 Yarns Of
Different Colors . Used For Drapery, Upholstery, Suitings, etc.
|
| Jaspé,
Jasper |
A Fabric That
Has A Shaded Appearance Created By A Warp Thread Colour Pattern. It
May Be Woven Or Figured, And Is Used For Bedspreads Or Curtains.
|
| Jean |
A 2/1
Warp-faced Twill Fabric Used Chiefly For Overalls Or Casual Wear.
Typical Cotton Particulars 18s X 28s (32 X 21 Tex), 90 X 60 (35
Ends/cm X 24 Picks/cm).
|
| Jerkin |
Outer Doublet
Worn In England In The Late 16th And Early 17th Centuries. It Was
Sleeveless Or With Loose Sleeves.
|
| Jersey |
1. Single Knit
Fabric With An Intermeshing Of Stitches In The Same Direction On The
Face And A Series Of Semicircular Loops On The Back. Thus The 2
Sides Appear Different. 2. A General Term Referring To Any Knit
Fabric Without A Distinct Rib.
|
| Jet Craters |
Annular
Deposits That Sometimes Form Around The Holes On The Face Of Jets
Used In The Extrusion Of Viscose. (see Also Jet Rings.)
|
| Jet Rings |
Annular
Deposits Formed Occasionally Inside The Holes Of Metal Jets Or
Spinnerets When Used In The Extrusion Of Viscose, Particularly Into
Coagulants Containing Much Zinc Sulphate.
|
| Jet
Spinning |
A System Of
Staple-fibre Spinning Which Utilises Air To Apply The Twisting
Couple To The Yarn During Its Formation. The Air Is Blown Through
Small Holes Arranged Tangentially To The Yarn Surface And This
Causes The Yarn To Rotate. The Majority Of Systems Using This
Technique Produce Fasciated Yarns, But By Using Two Air Jets
Operating In Opposing Twist Directions It Is Possible To Produce
Yarns With More Controlled Properties But Of More Complex Structure.
|
| Jet-dyeing
Machine |
(1) A Machine
For Dyeing Fabric In Rope Form In Which The Fabric Is Carried
Through A Narrow Throat By Dye-liquor Circulated At A High
Velocity., (2) A Machine For Dyeing Garments In Which The Garments
Are Circulated By Jets Of Liquid Rather By Mechanical Means.
|
| Jhabba |
Loose,
Tunic-like Garment.
|
| Jhula |
A Kind Of
Blouse For Children.
|
| Jhumb |
A Covering For
The Head And Body Made Simply By Tying A Sheet Or Blanket At One End
And Draped Over The Head.
|
| Jupe |
From The Arabic
Djuba, Jacket. Jupe Had Two Meanings From The Middle Ages On Towards
The Mid 17th Century, Jacket And Skirt. Only In 1672 Did The
Dictionnaire De L'académie Francaise Define The Term Jupe, "part
Of Women's Costume, From The Waist To The Feet." The Term Had
Disappeared By Then From Men's Costume, Except For The Panels Of
Certain Garments. From The 1670s On Jupe/skirt Corresponds With The
Modern Meaning. In The 17th Century Women Wore 3 Jupes One On Top Of
The Other The Modeste, A Top Skirt Which Often Trailed; The Friponne
In The Middle, Which Covered The Secrète, The Underskirt. The
Latter Two Reached The Ground.
|
| Justaucorps |
Male Coat
Developed In The Second Half Of The 17th Century. Tight Fitting In
The Shoulders, Collarless And With Flaring Skirts And Knee-length.
The Flare Was Extended And Made Wider Until The Early 18th Century.
Later The Coat Became Narrow, Cut Away In The Front And Sides, With
A Standing Collar. (second Half Of 18th Century). Justeaucorps From
French "juste-au-corps" = Close Fitting On The Body.
|
| Jute |
The Fibre
Obtained From The Bast Layer Of The Plants Corchorus Capsularis And
Corchorus Olitorius., Note 1:commercially, Jute Is Divided Into Two
Main Classes, White Jute Generally Being Associated With Corchorus
Capsularis, And Dark Jute With Corchorus Olitorius., Note 2:each Of
The Above-noted Classes Is Further Sub-divided Into Numerous Grades
Denoting Quality And Other Characteristics.
|
| Jute-spun |
Descriptive Of
Staple Yarn That Has Been Prepared And Spun On Machinery Originally
Designed For Spinning Yarns From Jute.
|
