| O |
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| Oatmeal Cloth |
A Heavy, Soft Fabric With A Specked
Pebbly Surface. Used For Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Odhani |
A Veil-cloth For A Woman, Often Worn
Tucked Into The Side Of The Waist And Drawn Upward Over The Back And The
Head, The Free End Being Draped Over The Shoulder. Literally, 'a Wrap'.
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| Oil Coated |
The Application Of Oil To A Fabric
(usually Linseed Oil) To Seal It And Made It Waterproof.
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| Oil Repellent |
A Treatment That Allows A Fabric To
Resist Staining By Oily Substances.
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| Oilcloth |
A General Term For Any Oil Coated
Fabric.
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Oiled Silk; Oiled Viscose
|
Silk And Viscose Fabrics,
Respectively, Made Impervious To Water By Treatment With A Drying Oil. |
| Oiled Wool |
Unscoured Or Undyed Knitting Wool Or
Wool Dyed Before Spinning And Containing Added Oil Not Subsequently
Removed.
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| Oil-repellent |
Descriptive Of Textile Material On
Which Oil Globules Do Not Spread.
|
| Olefin (fibre) (us.) |
A Term Used To Describe Manufactured
Fibres In Which The Fibre-forming Substance Is Any Long-chain Synthetic
Polymer Composed Of At Least 85% By Weight Of Ethene (ethylene), Propane
(propylene), Or Other Olefin Units. The Term Includes The Iso Generic
Names Are Polypropylene And Polyethylene
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| Oligomer |
A Simple Polymer Containing A Small
Number Of Repeating Units., Note: The Oligomer Most Frequently
Encountered In The Textile Industry Is The Cyclic Trimer Of
Poly(ethylene Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) (poly(ethylene Terephthalate)),
The Polymer Used For Polyester Fibre. This Material Can Form Deposits
During The Processing And Dyeing Of Yarns And Fabrics.
|
| Ombre |
Refers To A Gradual Change In Shade
From Light To Dark Or From One Color To Another. May Be Done As A Yarn
Dye Or In Printing.
|
| Ombré |
A French Term Meaning Shaded. It Is
Used In Relation To Textiles (a) As An Adjective To Describe Fabrics
With A Dyed, Printed, Or Woven Design In Which The Colour Is Graduated
From Light To Dark And Often Into Stripes Of Varying Shades: And (b) As
A Noun, Meaning (i) Shaded Or (ii) A Fabric With Shaded Design.
|
| On-call Cotton |
Raw Cotton Purchased Under A
Procedure Whereby The Price (points On Or Off Futures) Is Between Buyer
And Seller, But The Actual Futures Price Is Left To Be Fixed Within A
Stipulated Period. Buyer Has The Right To 'call' (i.e., Demand Fixation
Of The Futures Price) At Any Time Within Stipulated Period.
|
| Onium Dye |
A Cationic Dye That Is Solubilized
By A Labile Ammonium, Sulphonium, Phosphonium, Or Oxonium Substituent
Which Splits Off During Fixation To Leave An Insoluble Colorant In The
Fibre.
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| Open Boil |
Scouring Of Cellulosic Textiles With
Alkaline Liquors In Open-topped Vessels At Or Near The Boiling. Note:
Scours At Temperatures Lower Than The Boil Are Usually Referred To As
'steeps'.
|
| Open End |
A High Speed Yarn Spinning Process
That Creates Yarn By Transferring Twist From Previously Formed Yarn To
Fiber Or Sliver Continuously Fed Into The Spinning Machine. The Twisting
May Be Done By Mechanical Methods, Rotors Or Air Jets.
|
| Open-end Spinning; Break
Spinning |
A Spinning System In Which Sliver
Feedstock Is Highly Drafted, Ideally To Individual Fibre State, And Thus
Creates An Open End Or Break In The Fibre Flow. The Fibres Are
Subsequently Assembled On The End Of A Rotating Yarn And Twisted In.
Various Techniques Are Available For Collecting And Twisting The Fibres
Into A Yarn, The Most Noteworthy Being Rotor Spinning And Friction
Spinning.
|
| Opening |
The Action Of Separating Closely
Packed Fibres From Each Other At An Early Stage In The Processing Of Raw
Material Into Yam.
|
| Open-width Processing |
The Treatment Of Fabric At Its Full
Width In The Unfolded State In Contrast To Rope-form Processing. The
Fabric May Be Carried On Rollers Through The Processing Media Or Be Held
On A Roller, As In Dyeing.
|
| Optical Brightener |
A Substance That Is Added To An
Uncoloured Or A Coloured Textile Material To Increase The Apparent
Reflectance In The Visible Region By Conversion Of Ultra-violet
Radiation Into Visible Light And So To Increase The Apparent Brightness
Or Whiteness. Also Termed Fluorescent Brightener; Optical Whitener;
Fluorescent Whitening Agent; Brightening Agent
|
| Organdy |
A Thin, Very Stiff, Lightweight,
Plain Weave Fabric Usually Of Cotton Or Cotton Blends. It Is Often
Treated To Make The Crisp Finish Permanent. Used For Apparel Trim Such
As Collars And Cuffs, Evening Wear, Dresses, Curtains.
|
| Organza |
A Thin, Plain Weave, Sheer Fabric Of
Silk Or Synthetic Filament Yarn Such As Polyester Or Nylon . Used For
Evening Or Party Wear, Bridal Wear, Curtains, Millinery.
|
| Orientation |
(1) Parallelism Of Fibres, Usually
As A Result Of A Combing Or Attenuating Action On Fibre Assemblies
Causing The Fibres To Lie Substantially Parallel To The Axis Of The Web
Or Strand. (2) A Predominant Direction Of Linear Molecules In The Fine
Structure Of Fibres. Note 1: In Man-made Fibres Orientation Is Usually
Parallel To The Fibre Axis As A Result Of Extrusion Stretching, Or
Drawing. In Natural Fibres The Predominant Direction Is Determined
During Growth, For Example A Helix Around The Fibre Axis In Cotton. Note
2: Unoriented Structures Are Those In Which Orientation Is Absent.
Disoriented Structures Are Those In Which Orientation Has Been Reduced
Or Eliminated As A Result Of A Disrupting Treatment
|
| Osnaburg |
A Coarse, Strong, Plain Weave,
Medium To Heavy Weight Fabric, Usually Of Cotton . Used For Industrial
Purposes, Drapery And Upholstery.
|
| Ottoman |
A Medium To Heavy Weight Fabric With
Wide Horizontal Ribs . May Be Knit Or Woven. Used For Women's Apparel,
Upholstery, Drapery.
|
Outline Embroidered
|
A Fabric With A Design Motif Traced
(outlined) With Embroidery Stitches. |
Outline Quilted
|
A Quilted Fabric In Which The
Quilting Stitches Follow The Motif Of A Print Design. |
Oven-dry Weight
|
The Constant Weight Of Textile
Material Obtained By Drying At A Temperature Of 105 ± 3°c. |
| Overdyed |
Dyeing Of A Print Or Yarn Dyed
Fabric In A Shade Which Does Not Totally Cover The Original Design.
|
| Overprinted |
Usually Refers To Printing Over A
Previously Dyed Fabric, However Yarn Dyes, Cross Dyes And Previously
Printed Fabrics Are Also Sometimes Overprinted.
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| Oxford |
A Fabric With A Single Filling Yarn
Woven Over And Under 2 Smaller Warp Yarns. Commonly Found In Cotton
Shirtings, But Oxfords Are Produced In A Wide Variety Of Fibers
And Weights For Many Uses, Mainly In Apparel.
|
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