| V |
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| Vajani |
A Kind Of
Pyjama (q. V.), Worn In Kutch And Saurashtra, Often Richly
Embroidered.
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Valenciennes
Lace
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A Flat Bobbin
Lace With The Same Fine Threads Used For Both The Ground And The
Design. |
| Variable
Cut Device |
An Ancillary
Device On The Crush-cutting Type Of Converter (see Converting) Which
Cyclically Varies The Angle Of Approach Of The Tow To The Cutting
Region In Order To Introduce A Controlled Variation Of Fibre Length.
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| Vat Dye |
A
Water-insoluble Dye, Usually Containing Keto Groups Which Is
Normally Applied To The Fibre From An Alkaline Aqueous Solution Of
The Reduced Enol ( Leuco) Form, And Which Is Subsequently Oxidized
In The Fibre To The Insoluble Form.
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| Veiling |
A General Term
For A Large Variety Of Light, Open Fabrics Used For Such Purposes As
Bridal Veils, Dress Trim, Evening Wear, Or Millinery.
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| Velour |
A Knit Or Woven
Fabric With A Soft , Short Thick Nap Made By Brushing And Shearing.
Knit Velours Are Used In Women's Tops And Sportswear. Wovens Are
Usually Heavier In Weight And Used For Coats, Jackets, Drapery.
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| Velvet |
A Woven Fabric
With A Thick, Dense Cut Pile, A Soft Texture And A Rich Appearance.
May Be Made By 2 Different Methods A) 2 Layers Of Fabric With
Connecting Threads Are Cut Apart Or B) Warp Threads Are Lifted Over
Wires During Weaving Forming Loops, And The Loops Are Cut When The
Wires Are Withdrawn. Velvet May Be Plain, Or The Pile May Be
Flattened, Embossed, Crushed, Or Sculptured. Originally Made Of Silk
But Now Also Made Of Nylon, Rayon, Acrylic, And Other Fibers . Used
For Dresses, Evening Wear, Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Velveteen |
A Woven Fabric
Generally Of Cotton Or A Cotton Blend With A Short, Dense Pile
Resembling Velvet. Velveteen Differs From Velvet In That It Is
Usually Made With Cotton, It Generally Has A Shorter Pile And It Is
A Filling Pile Fabric Whereas Velvet Is A Warp Pile Fabric . Used
For Women's Wear, Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Velvety |
A Soft Plush,
Dense, Hand Suggesting Velvet.
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| Venetian |
A Warp Faced,
Strong, Heavy Sateen With A High Luster.
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| Venetian
Lace |
A Needlepoint
Lace Usually In A Floral Pattern With Picot Edgings.. Also Called
Venise Lace. Or Venetian Point.
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| Vest Or
Veste |
In The 17th And
18th Centuries A Man's Garment Worn Under The Justaucorps, Generally
In Rich Material. Originally Almost As Long As The Coat, The Vest
Was Gradually Shortened And Simplified Until, In The Middle Of The
Reign Of Louis Xv, It Became The Waistcoat.
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| Vicuna |
The Undercoat
Hair Of The Vicuna, An Animal Of The Llama Group Of The Camel
Family. It Produces A Softer And Finer Fabric Than Can Be Obtained
With Any Other Wool Or Hair.
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| Vinal
(fibre) (US) |
A Term Used To
Describe Manufactured Fibres In Which The Fibre-forming Substance Is
Any Long-chain Synthetic Polymer Composed Of At Least 50% By Weight
Of Ethenol (vinyl Alcohol) Units And In Which The Total Of The
Ethenol Units And Any One Or More Of Various Acetal Units Is At
Least 85% By Weight Of The Fibre. The Iso Generic Name Is Vinylal.
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Vinylal
(fibre) (generic Name)
|
A Term Used To
Describe Fibres Composed Of Synthetic Linear Macromolecules Of
Polyethenol (poly Vinyl Alcohol) Of Differing Levels Of
Acetalization. |
| Vinyon
(fibre) (USA) |
A Term Used To
Describe Manufactured Fibres In Which The Fibre Forming Substance Is
Any Long-chain Synthetic Polymer Composed Of At Least 85% By Weight
Of Chloroethene (vinyl Chloride) Units.
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Virago
Sleeves
|
Mid 17th
Century Sleeves On Female Gowns And Jackets That Were Paned And Tied
Into A Series Of Puffs. |
| Viscose |
The Solution
Obtained By Dissolving Sodium Cellulose Xanthate In A Dilute
Solution Of Sodium Hydroxide (caustic Soda).
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Viscose
(fibre) (generic Name )
|
A Term Used To
Describe Fibres Of Regenerated Cellulose Obtained By The Viscose
Process. |
| Viscosity |
The Internal
Resistance To Flow Of A Fluid. The Unit Of Viscosity Is The Pascal
Second. Note 1: The Viscosity Of A Solution Of A Polymer Is Commonly
Expressed In One Of The Following Ways: (a) Viscosity Ratio: The
Ratio Of The Viscosity Of A Solution To The Viscosity Of The Pure
Solvent (formerly Known As Relative Viscosity). (b) Specific
Viscosity: The Viscosity Ratio Less Unity. (c) Limiting Viscosity
Number: The Value Obtained By Extrapolating, To Zero Concentration,
The Ratio Of The Specific Viscosity Of A Solution To The
Concentration Of The Solute (formerly Known As Intrinsic Viscosity).
Note 2: Some Fluids Such As Size Mixings Exhibit Anomalous Viscosity
Effects And Cannot Therefore Be Characterized By A Single
Measurement. The Flow Behavior Of A Mixing Is Best Described Flow
Curve Relating Apparent Viscosity To Shearing Stress. If The
Shearing Stresses Operative In Sizing Were Known, Then The Apparent
Viscosity Of The Mixings At These Stresses Could Be Related To Their
Sizing Behavior. Without This Knowledge, Measurements At Some
Arbitrary Stress Have To Be Used: These Are Of Value In
Characterizing A Particular Type Of Size And Can Often Be Relate The
Take-up Of Size By The Warp.
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Visible
Absorption Spectrum
|
The Curve
Relating The Absorption Of Light By A Coloured Substance (usually In
Solution) To The Wavelength Of The Light. |
| Vizard |
A Face Mask
Worn By Ladies In The 17th Century To Protect Their Faces From The
Weather Or Even Indoors. See Also Mask.
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| Voile |
A Sheer, Plain
Weave Fabric With A Crisp, Wiry Hand Resulting From The Use Of High
Twist Yarns . Most Commonly Made Of Cotton, But Also Of Silk, Rayon,
Wool, Acetate Or Other Fibers. Used For Blouses, Dresses Curtains.
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