| V |
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| Vajani |
A Kind Of Pyjama (q. V.), Worn In
Kutch And Saurashtra, Often Richly Embroidered.
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Valenciennes Lace
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A Flat Bobbin Lace With The Same
Fine Threads Used For Both The Ground And The Design. |
| Variable Cut Device |
An Ancillary Device On The
Crush-cutting Type Of Converter (see Converting) Which Cyclically Varies
The Angle Of Approach Of The Tow To The Cutting Region In Order To
Introduce A Controlled Variation Of Fibre Length.
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| Vat Dye |
A Water-insoluble Dye, Usually
Containing Keto Groups Which Is Normally Applied To The Fibre From An
Alkaline Aqueous Solution Of The Reduced Enol ( Leuco) Form, And Which
Is Subsequently Oxidized In The Fibre To The Insoluble Form.
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| Veiling |
A General Term For A Large Variety
Of Light, Open Fabrics Used For Such Purposes As Bridal Veils, Dress
Trim, Evening Wear, Or Millinery.
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| Velour |
A Knit Or Woven Fabric With A Soft ,
Short Thick Nap Made By Brushing And Shearing. Knit Velours Are Used In
Women's Tops And Sportswear. Wovens Are Usually Heavier In Weight And
Used For Coats, Jackets, Drapery.
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| Velvet |
A Woven Fabric With A Thick, Dense
Cut Pile, A Soft Texture And A Rich Appearance. May Be Made By 2
Different Methods A) 2 Layers Of Fabric With Connecting Threads Are Cut
Apart Or B) Warp Threads Are Lifted Over Wires During Weaving Forming
Loops, And The Loops Are Cut When The Wires Are Withdrawn. Velvet May Be
Plain, Or The Pile May Be Flattened, Embossed, Crushed, Or Sculptured.
Originally Made Of Silk But Now Also Made Of Nylon, Rayon, Acrylic, And
Other Fibers . Used For Dresses, Evening Wear, Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Velveteen |
A Woven Fabric Generally Of Cotton
Or A Cotton Blend With A Short, Dense Pile Resembling Velvet. Velveteen
Differs From Velvet In That It Is Usually Made With Cotton, It Generally
Has A Shorter Pile And It Is A Filling Pile Fabric Whereas Velvet Is A
Warp Pile Fabric . Used For Women's Wear, Drapery, Upholstery.
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| Velvety |
A Soft Plush, Dense, Hand Suggesting
Velvet.
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| Venetian |
A Warp Faced, Strong, Heavy Sateen
With A High Luster.
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| Venetian Lace |
A Needlepoint Lace Usually In A
Floral Pattern With Picot Edgings.. Also Called Venise Lace. Or Venetian
Point.
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| Vest Or Veste |
In The 17th And 18th Centuries A
Man's Garment Worn Under The Justaucorps, Generally In Rich Material.
Originally Almost As Long As The Coat, The Vest Was Gradually Shortened
And Simplified Until, In The Middle Of The Reign Of Louis Xv, It Became
The Waistcoat.
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| Vicuna |
The Undercoat Hair Of The Vicuna, An
Animal Of The Llama Group Of The Camel Family. It Produces A Softer And
Finer Fabric Than Can Be Obtained With Any Other Wool Or Hair.
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| Vinal (fibre) (US) |
A Term Used To Describe Manufactured
Fibres In Which The Fibre-forming Substance Is Any Long-chain Synthetic
Polymer Composed Of At Least 50% By Weight Of Ethenol (vinyl Alcohol)
Units And In Which The Total Of The Ethenol Units And Any One Or More Of
Various Acetal Units Is At Least 85% By Weight Of The Fibre. The Iso
Generic Name Is Vinylal.
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Vinylal (fibre) (generic Name)
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A Term Used To Describe Fibres
Composed Of Synthetic Linear Macromolecules Of Polyethenol (poly Vinyl
Alcohol) Of Differing Levels Of Acetalization. |
| Vinyon (fibre) (USA) |
A Term Used To Describe Manufactured
Fibres In Which The Fibre Forming Substance Is Any Long-chain Synthetic
Polymer Composed Of At Least 85% By Weight Of Chloroethene (vinyl
Chloride) Units.
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Virago Sleeves
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Mid 17th Century Sleeves On Female
Gowns And Jackets That Were Paned And Tied Into A Series Of Puffs. |
| Viscose |
The Solution Obtained By Dissolving
Sodium Cellulose Xanthate In A Dilute Solution Of Sodium Hydroxide
(caustic Soda).
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Viscose (fibre) (generic Name )
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A Term Used To Describe Fibres Of
Regenerated Cellulose Obtained By The Viscose Process. |
| Viscosity |
The Internal Resistance To Flow Of A
Fluid. The Unit Of Viscosity Is The Pascal Second. Note 1: The Viscosity
Of A Solution Of A Polymer Is Commonly Expressed In One Of The Following
Ways: (a) Viscosity Ratio: The Ratio Of The Viscosity Of A Solution To
The Viscosity Of The Pure Solvent (formerly Known As Relative
Viscosity). (b) Specific Viscosity: The Viscosity Ratio Less Unity. (c)
Limiting Viscosity Number: The Value Obtained By Extrapolating, To Zero
Concentration, The Ratio Of The Specific Viscosity Of A Solution To The
Concentration Of The Solute (formerly Known As Intrinsic Viscosity).
Note 2: Some Fluids Such As Size Mixings Exhibit Anomalous Viscosity
Effects And Cannot Therefore Be Characterized By A Single Measurement.
The Flow Behavior Of A Mixing Is Best Described Flow Curve Relating
Apparent Viscosity To Shearing Stress. If The Shearing Stresses
Operative In Sizing Were Known, Then The Apparent Viscosity Of The
Mixings At These Stresses Could Be Related To Their Sizing Behavior.
Without This Knowledge, Measurements At Some Arbitrary Stress Have To Be
Used: These Are Of Value In Characterizing A Particular Type Of Size And
Can Often Be Relate The Take-up Of Size By The Warp.
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Visible Absorption Spectrum
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The Curve Relating The Absorption Of
Light By A Coloured Substance (usually In Solution) To The Wavelength Of
The Light. |
| Vizard |
A Face Mask Worn By Ladies In The
17th Century To Protect Their Faces From The Weather Or Even Indoors.
See Also Mask.
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| Voile |
A Sheer, Plain Weave Fabric With A
Crisp, Wiry Hand Resulting From The Use Of High Twist Yarns . Most
Commonly Made Of Cotton, But Also Of Silk, Rayon, Wool, Acetate Or Other
Fibers. Used For Blouses, Dresses Curtains.
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